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Insomnia can be defined as a sleeping disorder in which one has difficulty getting to sleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early. Insomnia condition can be short term or long term. Insomnia is a common sleeping disorder. It affects the person’s physical and mental health. There are different kinds of factors that affect the sleeping ability of a person like psychological factors, Pathological factors, and environmental factors. Insomnia can be a severe and chronic disorder having different consequences on the personal health and the quality of life.
The causes of insomnia are numerous. They may be related to a psychological state like anxiety, stress, depression or excess usage of various substances (alcohol, coffee, and drugs), Lifestyle, shift work or work pressure can also be causes of insomnia. In addition, much pathology can cause episodes of insomnia (asthma, hyperthyroidism, allergies, etc.). Insomnia is said to be chronic when it comes more than three times a week.
The consequences of insomnia can be quite serious. Daytime sleepiness, for example, can cause accidents, bad moods, and difficulties at work and in managing personal relationships.
Primary Insomnia: Insomnia that are not caused by physiological conditions are termed as primary insomnia. It is generally due to emotional problems
Secondary Insomnia: It is caused due to physical causes like rheumatic diseases, gastric, menopause, hyper, and allergies.
Symptoms can vary from person to person. Diagnosis and Treatment of Insomnia:
The diagnosis and treatment of Insomnia takes place on the basis of patient’s symptoms and age of the disorder. It can be treated with drug treatment or with the help of some Cognitive Behavioral Therapies.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-I: The goal of CBT-I therapy is to change the expectations about the sleep that caused insomnia disorder and is basically consists of cognitive-behavioral techniques, and rules of sleep hygiene. The main motive of the CBT therapies is to improve the quality and duration of sleep. The cognitive-behavioral therapies are act on anxious thoughts and habits at the origin of insomnia. The CBT techniques one tries to improve the quality of sleep through different channels like relaxation, meditation, exercise.
Drug Treatment: Drug treatment is a temporary solution for insomnia in case of serious illness or in case of long period of Insomnia. Treating Insomnia with drugs should consider as short term solution. It should be noted that these drugs must be taken with caution, because they have numerous side effects it taken in excessive dosage.